 Iron making process essentially consists of three main stages which include coking of coal which is used for iron making, sintering of the iron ore fines to form agglomerated sintered ore and finally reduction of iron ore to form molten iron in a blast furnace. Steel is made by oxidizing molten iron in a converter or/and in an electric arc furnace to produce steel. Further the raw steel produced is refined and cast into slabs and rolled into sheets to form finished steel.
To produce 1 ton of finished steel about 0.987 ton of iron ore, 1.385 tons of coke, 0.075 ton of limestone are required. In iron and steel production electricity, coal and natural gas are the common energy types consumed. In addition to the four processes, heaters and scrubbers are installed, usually at or near the wellhead. The scrubbers serve primarily to remove sand and other large-particle impurities.
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